The most basic tool in Photoshop is Selection tool; you will use this to position all your layers and objects.

1	To activate the Selection tool, click on the icon on your toolbar or use shortcut key by pressing the letter V on your keyboard
2	Auto Select allows you to select the layers just by clicking on the canvas.
3	While selecting layers you can also choose individual layers or grouped layers.
Alt/Option + Drag	You can duplicate while in the selection tool by Alt/Option and click+drag an item on the canvas. The entire layer will be duplicated.
Ctrl/Command + Click to select	You can select a layer by clicking within the canvas by holding Ctrl/Command.
Ctrl/Command + Click and Drag	You can select multiple layers by (with the selection tool activated) click+draging a mark within the canvas, every layer within the selection becomes selected.
Click and Drag	The simplest operation is dragging a layer around, do that by click+dragging your house with the desired layer selected.
Hold Shift	Hold shift while moving with the selection tool to lock horizontal or vertical direction
(arrow keys) on your keyboard	The arrow keys on your keyboard can be used to move the layer one pixel at a time.
Shift + (arrow keys)	Holding shift while pressing the arrow key can move the layer 10 pixels at a time.
4	Activate the Show Transform Controls to freely distort and rotate the layers. This is similar to using free transform.
Enter	After you are done rotating and scaling with the Transform Controls, press enter to reorient the Control.
5 & 6	You can align two or more layer by selecting all the layers you want to align and use the align button. You can align based on horizontal or vertical direction and by the edge and center.
7 & 8	You can distribute/space out three or more layers evenly by selecting all the layers you want to distribute and use the distribute button. You can choose the distribution based on horizontal or vertical direction and by the edge or center.
Rick click menu (Command Click)	Right click or Command Click to bring up a Layer selection menu.
(number) shortcut keys	Press a number on your keyboard to change the opacity. Pressing 2 on your keyboard changes the opacity to 20% and 7 changes it to 70% and so on.
9	If you have taken consecutive photos such as a panorama landscape, you can select all the photo and Auto-Align it.

If you were to photo an image from a magazine, books, photograph etc, you might not always get it at the exact angle where it is perfectly allign, and if you were at a slight angle than good luck trying to align the photo and get it to be in the right perspective. Luckily, Photoshop allows you to crop a photo based on it’s perspective. Here is an example

crop and align a photo in Photoshop

To start, activate the crop tool with short cut C or select crop on the tool bar, draw a crop mark around the photo, don’t worry about aligning it right now. (click here to learn more about crop tools)

On the tool bar, the very last item says Perspective, check that box.

Now if you drag the corner of the crop mark, you will notice you will be able to draw each corner freely without being restricted to a rectangle. Drag all the corner to the corner of the magazine.

When you are done dragging all the corners of the crop mark to the corner of the magazine, either hit the Entire key or double click inside the crop mark. Your image should now be perfectly aligned and in the right perspective.

Lastly, you might want to adjust the color since your camera might not translate the color accurately, I will use the LAB color technique to adjust it.  Go to menu and under Image – Mode – LAB to change the color space, click here to learn more about LAB mode Here are the setting I used.

and here is the final image, fairly close to a scanned image if you do not own a scanner wouldn’t you agree?

Similiarly if you want to rotate an image, you can change the crop mark by rotating it instead of the photo itself. Here is a vertical image, I want to make it in to a square image while rotating it 45 degree angle. I start by drawing a square crop, hold shift and drag.

Expand the crop mark beyond the file itself and rotate the crop mark 45 degrees.

The final image takes on the space that the crop made but right side up.

if you have questions about this tutorial please posted it in the comment section, and see more tutorial on Tools here

There is more to just making your photo smaller and trimming away unwanted edges to the Crop Tool. You can also add more pixel, align, match dimension of another file etc…

You can access the Crop Tool by using the shortcut C or go to the tool bar and click on the crop tool

The most common action is to crop out unwanted edges, drag from the upper left corner to the lower right corner. You still have a chance to make any final tweaking by moving the crop handles or clicking inside of the crop area and move it around. If you are satisfied with the crop, either double click inside the crop area or hit Enter. Pressing ESC key will cancel the crop operation.

You can also crop beyond your canvas thus adding more pixels to your file. First draw the crop mark anywhere and any size is fine, pull the handle and drag it outward beyond the canvas, when you hit enter you will notice new areas are added to your canvas.

Is your photo crooked? You can straighten the photo so that it is perfectly parallel with canvas or intentionally make a photo crooked by rotating the crop handles. Place your mouse near the out side of the crop mark, you will notice your mouse turns into a semi circle with arrow.

If you need to crop your photo down to a specific size you can set the Width and height in the crop menu.

You have the option to change the resolution by entering the new value in the resolution box. Leave it blank if you do not want the resolution to change.

To and resolution you can click on the file you want to reference from and click on the Front Image button. It will fill in the Width, Height and Resolution in the menu for you, now draw a crop mark on the file you want to match it to.

You do not need to use all three value once you click on the Front Image button, you can choose to keep just one or two of the value by deleting the rest of the values.

More option will appear once the crop is drawn.

You can choose to Delete or Hide the cropped area. If delete is selected anything that was cropped out will no long be available even if you have a layer. If you try to drag any layer you will notice that anything beyond the cropped area has been deleted as well. If hide is chosen, the information beyond the cropped mark will still be available for editing later.

Shield Color and Opacity will help cover up the potential area to be cropped out to help you better visualize what the final image will look like.

Perspective check box will allow you to distort the shape of the crop mark. This can help correct some minor distortion problem due to perspective. This is not available if fixed length is selected earlier.

You can also crop with any selection tool by making your selection first than go to Image-Crop. If your selection is not a rectangle than it will just take the very edge of your selections as the boundary of the crop.

Other tips..

Hold Ctrl/Command to temporary disable snapping.

Hold Shift to create a perfect square.

Holding Alt/Option will make let you draw the crop mark from inside out.

To keep the same aspect ratio, first draw a crop to fit the canvas, than hold Shift while cropping down to retain the ratio of your crop mark.

I hope this tutorial was useful, if you know of any other tricks related to crop please post that in my comment. Let me know which part of this tutorial you thought was the most useful.

This is part of my tutorial set. Please visit the TUTORIAL PAGE for a list of all the tutorials.